All about Nicaragua..

Nicaragua, where is it, what is there to eat, whats the weather like? I know many of you are asking these questions, I know I was when I received my invitation to serve in Nicaragua. Luckily we received an electronic book from the Peace Corps that is about 80 pages long, through my reading I have shortened this to 2 pages for you. So enjoy reading the struggles I get to look forward too including living on rice and beans, learning Spanish and the luggage requirements (yes, we are only allowed to check 80 lbs of luggage).

History of the Peace Corps in Nicaragua

Nicaragua probably derives its name from an Indian chief, Nicarao, who ruled part of the area at the time of the Spanish Conquest. The first Peace Corps Volunteers arrived in Nicaragua in 1969. Volunteers provide assistance in areas such as education, vocational training, rural nutrition, rural waterworks, agricultural extension, cooperatives, and municipal development.

Agriculture is the cornerstone of the Nicaraguan economy. The principal domestic crops are corn, beans, sorghum, and rice. Cotton, coffee, sugar, bananas, and tobacco are the principal export crops. Additional export products are beef and shrimp. The combination of unemployment and underemployment exceeds 50 percent. The U.S. Marines introduced baseball to Nicaragua in the early 1900s, and it is now the national sport. Most communities have baseball teams and weekend games.

Government

A 1989 accord permitted free elections in 1990, in which Violeta Barrios de Chamorro, known for her conciliatory nature, became president. Nicaragua has experienced relative peace since 1990, and the country has celebrated three successive free elections to date.

Nicaragua is an independent republic with a democratically elected president. Presidential elections are conducted every five years. In the most recent election (November 2001), more than 90 percent of eligible voters went to the polls in an unprecedented demonstration of hope and faith in democracy, electing Enrique Bolaños as president.

Environment

Nicaragua is the largest of the five Central American republics, with a land area of almost 50,000 square miles (slightly smaller than New York). It is the least densely populated of the Central American nations, with a population of 5.3 million (July 2004 estimate) and an average annual growth rate of 1.97 percent.

The climate varies with the region, but Nicaragua generally is hot and tropical, with cool, comfortable nights and a very short dry or cool season. Known as the land of lakes and volcanoes, Nicaragua has a diverse environment including highlands, lowlands, tropical forests, lakes, and two oceans. Lake Nicaragua is one of the largest freshwater lakes in the world and contains such aquatic oddities as freshwater sharks.

Agriculture Volunteers generally live in small, remote communities (as few as 200 residents) concentrated in the northern region of the country. Most(but not all) Volunteer homes have electricity, and most have running water. However, both electric and water service may be intermittent.

Food and Diet

The staples of the Nicaraguan diet are beans, rice, eggs, dairy products, meats, and foods made with corn. A wide variety of fruits and vegetables are grown locally, from cabbages and carrots to pineapples and papayas. As a result of the endemic poverty in Nicaragua, most Nicaraguans’ daily diet consists of gallo pinto, a mixture of red beans and rice fried in vegetable oil, which might be accompanied by corn tortillas, cabbage salad, a small amount of meat or chicken, or locally made salty cheese.

Transportation

Most Volunteers travel in Nicaragua on commercial public buses, flatbed trucks, bicycle or foot. . For the vast majority of Volunteers, traveling to and from site entails a ride in an old school bus, which may be overcrowded, slow, and sometimes unreliable. At more rural sites, Volunteers may be required to travel in converted flatbed trucks, as the rough terrain makes bus passage impossible. Volunteers are not permitted to own, drive, or ride on motorcycles or to own or drive other motorized vehicles at any time during their service. In very few instances, Volunteers also own or rent horses to travel from home to isolated communities and farms.

Health Issues in Nicaragua

The most common health problems among Volunteers are upper respiratory infections and diarrhea. Some gastrointestinal problems can be avoided by boiling drinking water and thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables before eating them. Two additional major health concerns in Nicaragua are malaria and dengue fever.

How much luggage am I allowed to bring to Nicaragua?

The Peace Corps’ allowance is two checked pieces of luggage with combined dimensions of both pieces not to exceed 107 inches (length + width + height) and a carry-on bag with dimensions of no more than 45 inches. Checked baggage should not exceed 80 pounds total with a maximum weight of 50 pounds for any one bag.

People and Culture

The majority of Nicaraguans can best be classified as mestizo, a mix in which neither the European nor the Indian cultures predominate. The official and predominant language in Nicaragua is Spanish. More than 90 percent of the population belongs to Christian denominations. The traditional social structure of Nicaragua has been essentially colonial, with a small number of wealthy landowning families at the top and a broad peasant class at the bottom. Despite the country’s economic growth in the 1970s, the emergence of a middle class, and the decade of socialist rule, there are still stark inequalities in the distribution of wealth.

The country’s educational system, a major avenue for economic and social mobility, recently replaced the traditions of classicism and intellectualism with vocational training. Thus, the lower class now has a somewhat better chance for economic advancement. The literacy rate is estimated at 68 percent.

Nicaraguans are warm, generous, and friendly. Despite the tensions between the United States and Nicaraguan governments in the 1980s, the Nicaraguans are open to receiving Peace Corps Volunteers into their communities and homes. Their hospitality is humbling.

If you do want to read the entire book the website is http://www.peacecorps.gov/welcomebooks/niwb524.pdf.